Essay on Police Corruption Crooked Cops - 1499 Words

Democracy must be built through open societies that share information. When there is information, there is enlightenment. When there is debate, there are solutions. When there is no sharing of power, no rule of law, no accountability, there is abuse, corruption, subjugation and indignation.† – Atifete Jahjaga -- They are the everyday heroes that many people often take for granted until a pivotal moment of tragedy or madness enters into their lives. While we sleep in our warm beds at night police officers work around the clock during all times of the night to ensure the safety and security of our communities and its citizens both young and old (Aveni, Thomas J.). However, what happens when our everyday heroes are found†¦show more content†¦Shortly afterwards a second police car came up and a five day uproar resulted in the lives of 34 people, nearly 1000 wounded people, and over 200 million dollars in property damage (Los Angeles Watts Riots of 1965). After the disgracing actions of his partner, Officer Hanson, the good cop requests a change in partners, a commendable act on his part. However, the actions of his African American overseer Lieutenant Dixon, to whom Hanson consulted about his request, were disturbing. Lieutenant Dixons overall personae, while disagreeable for a man in his position, as a black man and an authority figure, shows the viewers from whom Officer Ryans preconceived judgments may have derived. While the numbers have increased over the years, the statistics and demographics of the number of black officers on the Los Angeles Police Department, LAPD, and other such precincts have not been many in comparison to the number of white law officers (Hutchinson, Earl Ofari). Officer Ryan makes a statement about how his father hired and worked alongside black people in a time when it was almost unheard of for a white man to do such an act (Crash). After being raised upon this notion from his fathers work experience and training for seventeen years under Lieutenant Dixon, one could certainly perceive Officer Ryans distaste towards people in a higher position than he was, especially thoseShow MoreRelatedPolice Corruption: Time to Get Rid of Crooked Cops Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Police throughout the United States have been caught fabricating, planting, and manipulating evidence to obtain convictions where cases would otherwise be very weak. Some authorities regard police perjury as so rampant that it can be considered a subcultural norm rather than an individual aberration of police officers. 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Justifying Reproductive Cloning For Logistical Motives Essay

Justifying Reproductive Cloning for Logistical Motives In this age of technology and innovation, what was once science fiction is now becoming a reality. Human reproductive cloning is on the forefront for providing prospective parents with a new mode of reproduction. However, with the concept of reproductive cloning comes an unprecedented set of ethical issues. Issues especially focused on how cloning may affect the child’s right to an open future are highlighted by philosophers such as Dena Davis. Davis takes a neutral stance on reproductive cloning and argues that it is morally impermissible when used for duplicative motives, but permissible when used for logistical motives. Duplicative motives are when â€Å"the genetic replication itself†¦ is the attraction† (Davis 160) and the parents wish for their child to be a mere copy of their donor. Logistical motivations are when the parents’ end goal â€Å"is simply to have a child† that is genetically related (Davis 159). Davis leaves the evaluation of such parental motives in the hands of healthcare professionals. Philosophers McGee and Wilmut add to Davis’ position, but call for a more holistic evaluation of parental motives and competency by following an adoption model. In this paper, I will support Davis’ argument on the moral permissibility of reproductive cloning under logistical motivations by addressing the main concerns that surround reproductive cloning. First, I shall reconstruct Davis’ argument in favor of reproductive cloning

Relationship Between Regulation and Market Structures Free Essays

The study of government regulation and the competitive environment for business is relevant to all those who study business. All business candidates need to understand how the competitive environment will impact their employers and businesses. A- There are four major pieces of legislation known as the Antitrust Laws. We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship Between Regulation and Market Structures or any similar topic only for you Order Now After the U. S. Civil War, local markets changed into national markets because of transportations were improved, mechanized production methods, and sophisticated corporate structures. In the 1870s and 1880s, many firms became dominant in different industries like meat packing, railroads, coal, and tobacco. These firms often consolidated their industries and over charged its customers. The government formed laws called antitrust Acts to help control these behaviors. * Sherman Act of 1890 was formed to be brief and directly to the point: * The government would investigate organizations and companies suspected in violation of the Sherman trust act to limit monopoly. Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, with any person or persons to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce shall be found guilty of a felony (as later amended from â€Å"misdemeanor†). The Clayton Act of 1914 contained the desired elaboration of the Sherman Act. * Outlaws price discrimination when such discrimination is not justified on the basis of cost differences and when it reduces competition. * Prohibits tying contracts, in which a company requires that a buyer purchase another of its products as a condition to purchase the desired product. * Prohibits the acquisition of stocks of competing corporations when the outcome would be less competition. * Prohibits a director of one firm to act as a board member of another firm where the effect would be reduced competition. The Federal trade commission act of 1914 * The act gave the Federal Trade commission (FTC) the power to investigate any competitive practices at the request of any firms or on its own initiative to discover any unfair competition in the industry. * The Celler-Kefauver Act of 1950 †¢The Celler-Kefauver Act amended the Clayton Act, Section 7. It prohibits the merger of firms by acquiring tis stock. The Act closed the loophole by making sure that one firm does not obtain the physical assets of another firm when the effect can reduce competition. B- The intended purpose of industrial regulation as it applies to the following market structures: 1. Oligopoly is small groups of firms control the market. For example: ATT, Verizon, Sprint, and T-Mobile control the cell phone industry. Industrial regulation is used to reduce the market power of Oligopolies, to prevent collusion (where small firms secretly set prices) and increase market competition. 2. Monopoly is where one company control prices in the market where there no substitute to the product. Industrial regulations are used to prevent companies from monopolizing in given markets. C- The major functions of the three primary federal and state regulatory commissions that govern industrial regulation. 1- The federal energy regulatory commission in 1930 is the jurisdiction of electricity, gas, gas pipelines, oil pipelines, and water powered sites. The major function of the federal energy regulatory is to regulate the transmission and sale of natural gas, oil pipelines, and wholesale of electricity. There are other functions that involve license and inspect hydroelectric projects and monitor and investigate energy markets. – The federal communications commission was formed in 1934 in the jurisdiction of Telephones, television, cable television, radio, telegraph, CB radios, and ham operators. The major functions of the federal communication commission include processing applications for licenses, analyzing complaints, conducting investigations, developing and implementing regulatory programs, and taking part in hearings 3- State public utility commission is f ormed in the jurisdiction of electricity, gas, and telephones. The major function of State public utility commission is to regulates the rates and services of a public utility that include water, gas, and electricity D- Social regulation is intended to deal with the broader impact of business on consumers. The government established several agencies including equal employment opportunity commission and health administration protect consumers from businesses in the late 60s. The purpose of social regulation is for the government to oversee the safety and quality of goods or products as well as the conditions of these products are manufactured. E- There are five primary federal regulatory commissions that govern social regulation. 1- Food and drug administration (1906) has the jurisdiction and function over safety and effectiveness of food, drugs, and cosmetics. 2- Equal employment opportunity commission (1964) has the jurisdiction and function over hiring, promoting, and discharge of workers. – Occupational safety and health admiration (1971) has the jurisdiction and function over industrial health and safety. 4- Environmental protection agency has the jurisdiction and function over water, air, and noise pollution 5- Consumer product safety commission has the jurisdiction and function of safety of consumer products As a company, studding the law can help in saving money, time and efforts to stay productive in the market. All business candidates ne ed to understand how the competitive environment will impact their employers and businesses. How to cite Relationship Between Regulation and Market Structures, Papers

Operations Management of Ladbrokes Plc free essay sample

Introduction Ladbrokes plc is one of the leading bookmakers in the high street in UK. It was established in 1886. Currently Ladbrokes plc operating with over 2200 branches across the UK and also operates in Ireland, Belgium and Spain. In this assignment we are focusing on the operational activities of the Ladbrokes plc. Task 1 a) The role of operations management The operations management can be defined as the systematic processes which convert inputs in to finished goods or service by adding the value. The operations management is very important in modern days as the competitiveness among the businesses very high. Therefore most of the organizations do have a special functional unit for manage the operational activities of the organization. According to Nigel Slack, we can identify three different roles in operations management. * Implementer of business strategy This is the most basic task of the operations management where they help to implement the business strategy established by top management. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Management of Ladbrokes Plc or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Supporter of business strategy The supporter role provides the company to effectively implement their strategy and make necessary amendments. Driver of business strategy The driver of the business strategy relies on the unique capabilities it has. If they do not have unique capabilities then they cannot be a driver of the business strategy. Here we can conclude as the operations management function cannot be a supporter of the business strategy unless they have the implementation skills and, cannot be a driver of the business if they do not have the unique capabilities. Importance of effective operations The effective operations management is one of the key ingredients in successful organization. Because they are mainly deals with the implementation process of company business decisions. If the implementation is not effective then the whole strategy becomes the waste. Therefore for the following reason can be highlighted as the importance of operations management. * Cost The cost is main concern for any businesses as they are trying to maintain cost effectiveness. Therefore the implementation process comes with the budgeted cost where the businesses try not to go over the target. In order to maintain cost effectiveness they have to maintain efficiency and effectiveness of operational process. If not then the strategy will become less effective. * Time Time is an important factor in modern business as the environment is very competitive. Therefore who ever able to react quickly to the market trends will be able to gain the competitive advantage. Therefore operational process will help to reach the customer quickly to gain the advantage if the process is efficient and effective. * Quality Quality is one of a key factor of the success of any organization. Therefore to compete in the market the product or service that offers to the customers should be high quality and reasonable price. Therefore the operational function will be in conjunction with other functions to provide the better quality product or service. * Technological changes The technological environment is changing faster than ever before. The new advanced technology is affecting every process of the organization. Therefore the right choice of the technology gives competitive advantage to the businesses. Therefore operational function will help to identify the need of new technology to compete in the market. b) Strategic objectives of Ladbrokes plc Strategic objectives can be defined as the long term goals that an organization expecting to achieve. Strategic objectives are mainly establishing on focus of external environment. However these objectives are different from businesses to business according to the industry, market they operates. The following are the objectives of Ladbrokes plc in UK retail sector. * To become a leading book maker on the high street. * To deliver technological excellence to the customers. * Building upon retail strength by enhancing the margin. * Maintain regulatory leadership. Create competitive pricing and trading management to improve product range and optimise margin. The betting industry in UK is dominated by few companies in the market. The competition among them is very high in order to gain new customers and to retain the existing customers. Therefore to implement best strategy to achieve their strategic objectives the company need to have knowledge of its environment. In order to analyse the business environment the following tools can be used. * SWOT Analysis * Porter’s five forces analysis SWOT Analysis of Ladbrokes plc This analysis will help to identify the internal environment against the external environment. The internal environment analysis identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the company and the external environment identifies the opportunities and threats to the company. According to the Ladbrokes plc internal environment analysis the following strengths and weaknesses can be highlighted. Strengths * Brand image * Advance technology * Low operational cost compared to its rivals as call center tasks allocated to some retail shops. * Use of the loyalty card Quality of the customer service Weaknesses * High labour turnover. * Lack of modern gambling machine to attract new customers. * Limitations of offers available to the customers. The external environment of Ladbrokes plc highlighted the following opportunities and threats to the company. Opportunities, * The increase demand for playing on gambling machines. * Increase the opening hours for betting shops granted by the authorities. * T ax release for customers on their winnings. Threats, * The changes in customer spending behaviour as a result of economic downturn. The expansion of Irish bookers in UK markets. * Tough regulations introduced from gambling commission to protect vulnerable people and children. Porter’s five forces model This model helps to analyse the industry to give Ladbrokes plc overall picture of the market. Therefore effective use of this analysis will help them to make effective decisions to gain the market competitiveness. * Competitive Rivalry Here we consider the competitors to Ladbrokes plc. There are few competitors in the market with good brand image. Therefore the competition among them is very high. Also it gives customers choice and there is no switching cost for them to change their choice. Therefore creative marketing and quality customer service plays major role to Ladbrokes plc. * Bargain power of suppliers Ladbrokes plc has few suppliers specially those who provide the gaming machines and betting slips, other electronic machines such as scanners and computers. The company is the major customer for them and as there are only few betting companies they have very little power over Ladbrokes plc. Therefore the suppliers have very little power or no power at all. * Bargain power of buyers There are no substitute products in the market. However as they can switch to another brand without a cost the customers have more power over Ladbrokes plc. Therefore company needs to identify the customer requirements and need to offer creative products for them. * Threats of substitute products As mentioned before there are no substitute products in the market. However some of the businesses do have ‘Slot gaming machines’ where customers will be able to play. But they are not very popular among the customers. Therefore no threats to the Ladbrokes plc from substitute products. * Threats of new entrants The new entrance to the industry is very difficult as the requirement of large capital and brand image. Therefore threats from new entrance are very low. c) Performance operational objectives The performance objectives are identified according to the stakeholders of the company. These stake holders are those who have impact or affected by the company operations. * Customers * Suppliers * Shareholders * Employees * Society After identifying these stake holders, the performance objectives can be classified into five performance objectives. * Quality Quality can be defined as the product or service which conformance to specifications. The importance of the quality results in two ways. * It helps to retain the customers as well as to gain new customers. * Help to save cost as there will be fewer errors to rectify. Ladbrokes are very much concern about the quality of customer service. Therefore they have introduced the mystery shopper programme where the quality of the service tested. These scores and its individual reports use for the training purposes to train their staff to provide better quality service. * Speed Speed can be defined as the time between customer request of product or service and the actual time they receive it. The speed can be classified in two ways. * External speed which is responding to customers quickly. This will help to satisfy the customers who receive the product and services. Sometimes the businesses have opportunity to charge higher prices by responding customers’ quickly. * Internal speed can be identified as cost reduction process. If the businesses able to process the internal task quickly, then it will help them to achieve the efficiency where they can save cost. Ladbrokes plc is having better system which integrated with server in the head office for processing customer bets quickly and payout as they come along. Therefore it helps the company to improve the customer service. * Flexibility Flexibility means by the way businesses be able to change its operations to provide better customer satisfaction. The flexibility allows the operational function to provide wide range of product and services to the customers. Ladbrokes plc has improved their flexibility by offering a special service to the customer when there is no market in retail shop to provide betting opportunity. This special service will give them special price for the and also they can place the bet in the retail shop. * Dependability Dependability means the ability to provide the product or service to the customer on time. The dependability improves the customer satisfaction s well as save money by achieving the efficiency. This is an important factor to the Ladbrokes plc as the customers are trying to place their bets on time. Therefore to improve the dependability Ladbrokes plc have trained their staff effectively and provided with required resources. * Cost This is the most important factor for any organisation. The cost effectiveness will lead organisation to achieve success. According to the operational objectives, if the company can achieve the quality, speed, flexibility and dependability then they will be able to achieve the cost effectiveness. Therefore the Ladbrokes plc mainly focused on those four factors which help them to reduce cost as well as to maintain the market growth. Task 2 a) In order to improve the quality of the product or service the operational function needs resources, tools and systems. It helps them to provide the supporting role to the corporate strategy. The Ladbrokes plc has the following resources and systems to improve the quality of the service. * Human resources This is one of the most important resources for the Ladbrokes plc as they have more concern about the customer service. The skills required to provide the service is the key to success. Therefore the company has a special training programme for all the employees to train them. This will help them to interact with customers effectively to provide better service. * Suppliers Suppliers are refers to the supply of gaming machines, electronic tools and other materials such as furniture, betting slips, pens etc. The ability to supply the required materials is one of the most important factors in delivering the best service. Without these the shops will not be able to provide the better service to the customers. Therefore the Ladbroke plc has agreements with unique suppliers to them who are able to provide the required supplies to the company on time. Research and development Research and development department is very important to the company to identify the customer requirements and competitors strategies. The identifying the unsatisfied customer requirement will help them to make effective strategic and operational decision to gain the competitive advantage. Also this unit will help company to identify the training requirements of its employees and to develop effective operational system. Therefore Ladbrokes plc has the separate function for research and development. * Technology Technology plays a major role in betting industry. The speed of the process time of customer bets is one of the key factors of customer service. In addition to that the ability to provide the coverage of racing and sports events also required for better service. Ladbrokes plc has invested large sum of money for new betting software system which called as ‘BS2000? to process customer bets effectively. This system will provide the facility for customers to collect their winning from any Ladbrokes betting shop in UK. Also launch of new gaming machines which called ‘Global Draw’ is also help them to compete in the market. * Marketing materials The competition in betting industry is very high. Therefore the company needs to have creative marketing strategy to attract new customers as well as retaining the existing customers. Therefore the marketing materials used in retail shops and other outlets are also can be identified as resources to the company. * Financial resources The financial resources are the most important resource to the company. Because, the investment of large capital provides the facility to gain more resources, which needs for the operational process. As a leading bookmaker and public company Ladbrokes has the access to the funds they need. ) Quality is defined by Nigel Slack as ‘consistent conformance to customers’ expectations’. The operational function needs to make sure the quality of the product or service achieving constantly. If not the customers those who consumed the product or received the service will be dissatisfied and the company will lose their customers. Therefore in ord er to constantly provide quality products and services the company needs to use a system which could help to maintain the standards. The quality audit is one of the tools which the company can use. The quality audit system identified the quality standard and measures it with actual product or service. The quality audit can be implemented in three ways. * By the company itself with predetermined time of periods. * Hiring the third party to carry out the quality audit system. * Establish the special quality audit team within the company to monitor the quality of products and services on daily basis. The Ladbrokes plc considered the quality of the service as a key for the success. Therefore they are using the second method which is hiring a third party to carry out the quality audit. Then Retail Eye’ company is responsible on assessing the quality of the customer service provided by Ladbrokes plc. The company uses the mystery shopper programme to assess the quality of the service. The mystery shopper programme carries out the following way. * The assessing criterias are discussed with the operational management to ensure require quality will be checked. * The mystery shoppe r visits five times a year in each shop. * The report consists with marks for each criteria and the overall score reflects in percentage figure. In addition to that the Ladbrokes plc also use the ‘Net promoter Score’, where the shopper needs to rate his/her experience of the visit based on the recommendation of the company to others. * The mystery shopper scores are divided into three categories as follows. * 95% or over – exceptional service * 90% 95% good service * Below 90% poor service All the shops that scored below 90% will have another visit to make sure that they have improved the service. If they fail to reach the satisfactory level again could leads to a disciplinary action. c) As mentioned above the quality of the service plays a major role in betting industry to gain competitive advantage over its rivals. Therefore the requirement of quality culture in Ladbrokes plc is a very important aspect. The quality culture can be defined as, the relevant parties of the organisation work together as a one unit to achieve the quality of the product or service provided by the company. This is a constant process which the company should comply with all the time. There are different stages in implementing the quality culture in an organisation. * Learning, training and communication All the employees need to undergo with training on their main tasks in order to gain necessary skills to perform their role. Educating them on importance of service quality will help to get their attention and change the attitudes towards the quality service. The communication plays major role as the employees need to receive correct information to perform their tasks effectively. * Hiring the third party to monitor the quality of the service As a decision of the top management of Ladbrokes to hire third party to assess and monitor the quality, they have to assess the most effective party for this role. Identifying the important criterias to measure the quality of the service After deciding the third party it is important to highlight the assessment criteria of the quality to the third party in order to get the correct information. * Developing the report using the information collected by third party According to the collected information from third party, the report should be summa rised to provide the quality of overall service. * Identify the necessary training requirements The employees who failed to reach the service standard will be given an additional training to help them to achieve quality standards. Reassess to make sure the improvement of service quality Reassess the employees who failed to achieve the quality standards. Task 3 a) The following problems of the Ladbrokes plc can be identified where the improvements need. * Lack of communication The effective communication is very important factor for the success of the organisation. However Ladbrokes plc has a problem in communicating with their operational staff specially during a special promotions. The operational staffs do not receive the message on time and also some do get the message wrong. Also there is no two way communication within the company as operational staffs could not pass their opinion to the higher level. There are times when the operational staff could not contact their immediate managers’ regarding customer queries. * Lack of motivation of the employees The employee turnover of Ladbrokes plc is very high. The one of the reason could be for this is the lack of motivation. The employees do not feel happy and sometimes they have no idea about some of the roles given to them. Also the company freeze the pay rise for three years and all the bonuses has been temporarily stopped due to difficult economic conditions. The motivation of retail staff is a very important factor as they are the people who interact with the customers. Therefore company needs to consider the ways of motivating their staff in order to have a successful operational system. * Limited promotions to the customers Ladbrokes have a very limited promotional activities compared to the some of the other bookmakers in the high street. As an example, During the Grand National racing Ladbrokes paid only for the first four places where the other companies paid for first five places. Therefore customers are more likely to use the service of other bookmakers when they have promotions to gain the maximum advantage. This one of the areas which Ladbrokes plc does needs to consider. * Regular System failures Recently the company experienced the system failures in some of the retail shops during the big events. Therefore the company loss the some of the possible income as they unable to accept bets from punters. Some failures were rectified within short time but some of them took too long. This problem has adversely affected to the company as they fail to satisfy their ustomers during the important events. * Late delivery of the betting coupons The betting coupons are delivered to the shops three times a week and other materials such as betting slips and pens delivered monthly basis. However recently some of the shops received the betting coupons which should be used during the weekend was delivered on Saturdays or Fridays evening. But some punters do like to have the coupons in three days in advance as some of the bookmakers do. This is also one area where the company fail to response to customer requirements. b) In order to overcome the above mentioned problems, the following recommendation can be made. * Create an effective communication system top to bottom The two way communication needs to establish within the company where the operational staffs have opportunity to communicate with higher level of management. It is also necessary to use the correct communication channel to communicate the upcoming promotions in advance to the retail staff where they have plenty of time to go through and plan the promotion. Therefore internal communication system needs to redesign to overcome the communication problems within the company. Increase the employee satisfaction Employee satisfaction needs to improve using the financial and non financial motivation techniques. Because, it helps to improve the positive attitudes of the employees, towards the organisational goals. Therefore the promotional campaigns should come with the combine of incentives for the operational staff. This will help to maximise the effectiveness of the promotion. * Use the creative promotional campaigns on regular basis The creative promotions will help to attract new customers and also to compete effectively in the market. The cross promotions will be more effective as the company can attract customers to gamble on sports events as well as for gaming machines. Regular promotions are also required for the company to keep existing customers and compete in the market. * Rectify the regular system failure by looking at the major issues of the system Having experienced the regular system failures during the past, the company needs to identify the problems of the entire system to rectify as soon as they can. Temporarily amendments will not sort the problem. Because fail to deliver the customer requirements will create the bad image for the company in the market as well as they lose some potential income. * Use an effective delivery system to provide betting coupons on time to the retail shops Create a plan to deliver the betting coupons and other materials well in advance will help to deliver the better customer service. This will give opportunity for the customers to place their bet early. c) Evaluate the implications of proposed changes * The changes do not mislead the corporate strategy The changes proposed are not interfering with the corporate strategy to mislead the company vision. The above changes make the operational performance more effective and it will help to support the corporate strategy rather than making any confusion within the company. The communication system help the organisational structure more effective as well as the customers also will enjoy the benefits. * Make sure the significant issues and risks do not involved in the proposed changes The proposed changes enhance the quality of the service than creating more issues. However, when rectifying the system problems the company must make sure it will not open up other problems in the system. * The benefits of proposed changes should be higher than its cost The additional costs involve in the motivation and promotional campaign must generate the additional benefit to the company. The improvement of efficiency will help to save the cost for them as the motivation takes place. Also the promotional campaigns will attract new customers to the company and will help to increase the market growth. d) In order to implement the proposed changes in Ladbrokes plc the operational function needs to create an effective implementation plan. The following steps need to follow in developing an implementation plan. * Communicate the changes of the operations to operational staff in advance. * Establish the target at each stage of the operational process. * Allocate the tasks and assign responsibilities for each employee. * Monitor the performance and make necessary changes to original plan. * Feedback from the operational staff on proposed implemented changes. However the implementation plan may need to change due to the changes in the marketing environment. Therefore the flexibility of the plan is very important to make necessary changes. References * Lee. J. Krajewski and Larry P. Ritzman (3rd edition), â€Å"Operations Management† Addison- Wesley publications * Nigel Slack, Stuart Chambers, Robert Johnston (5th edition), â€Å"Operations Management† prentice hall edition, * http://wps. pearsoned. co. uk/ema_uk_he_slack_opsman_4/17/4472/1144836. cw/index. html, (accessed on 29th April 2011) * http://www. ladbrokesplc. com/about-ladbrokes. aspx (accessed on 27th April 2011)

Qualites of an Effective Helper free essay sample

I believe that ill be an effective helper because I am caring trustful honest and open minded. I also know What its like self , family problems I also know the feelings of being unwanted and unloved is so Powerful that its hard to over come. I am motivated by desire to help all types of people work thought their problems no matter how big or little they are. The qualities that I have that will make me an effective helper are that I am a good listener, I am open- minded about all most everything even if I don’t really understand. I am honest and I don’t mind telling the truth to someone even if it hurts their feelings sometimes people need to hear the truth it helps them see it through someone’s else’s eyes, but I also know when to be respectful to other people needs, beliefs and values. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualites of an Effective Helper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have had some personal problems that I think other people may have, I don’t mind sharing them with a client to show them that I have been down that road in life and with sharing I would hope that it will help our relationship. I don’t like to judge people because at some point in life everyone has had some kinds of problems and I have no right to judge we are all human we all live and learn. I have an happy go lucky presonallalliti so smiling and showing that I care comes easy for me, I have no problem putting myself on the spot to break the ice with a client. I am a patience person, I know that time is the key to help out with the relationship,, I know that it is hard to open up to someone that you think will judge you. I believe that helping a client find forgiveness it the key to most problems and that forgiving ourselves is one of the hardest things to do. I believe that everyone should have respect for all and be understanding, I try to understand everyone’s views, values and beliefs but when it comes to someone that has sexual abuse or killed a child would be really hard for me because I see children as the best gift in life, I don’t understand how any one would want to hurt them in any way. I know that they may have had it done to them . If I had to work with that has done one of those thing I would try really hard to put my feelings aside as best as I could. Nicki Prudhomme

5 Tips for Keeping Your Energy Up During the Week

5 Tips for Keeping Your Energy Up During the Week Joan Burge, workplace expert writing for Office Dynamics, has some tips for those of us who start Mondays full of energy and enthusiasm, but by the end of the week find ourselves fighting distractions and fatigue. How do you keep that energy going through Friday?   1. Develop a Work ScheduleTake a look at the tasks you lined up for the week. Create a simple spreadsheet with time allocated to each responsibility you have. This will ensure that everything is planned out and you won’t end up having little to no energy once Friday arrives.  2. Reassess on Wednesday AfternoonWhat needs to be pushed higher on your list? What can be shifted lower? What can wait until next week or has turned out to be unrealistic? Make sure you’re finishing your top A priority tasks before moving to the Bs.  3. Shake Up Your RoutineTreat yourself to a special meal or a night out with a friend or partner on Wednesday or Thursday; having something to look forward to can perk you up as the w eek draws to a close. Take the opportunity to explore volunteering, or sports, or music hobbies!Don’t go overboard though- feeling exhausted or hungover on Friday will undermine all that thoughtful productivity planning. Planning special activities on Saturdays may also help you feel excited about wrapping up your work week.  4. Get a Good Night’s SleepMaybe what makes Monday feel so full of possibility is how rested you are after the weekend. Get a full night’s sleep mid-week to help you have enough energy to power through.  5. Do Some Self TalkBurge recommends compiling some motivational phrases or slogans on Mondays. Then, check in with those on Wednesday and Thursday. Words of inspiration while you’re in the thick of it might give you that extra push to  end the week on a high note!Finally, talk with your colleagues about their strategies, talk to your supervisor if you’re just finding yourself overloaded, and remember†¦ you’r e only human!

If accounting is to retain any credibility-and without credibility it Essay

If accounting is to retain any credibility-and without credibility it is worthless - its guiding light must be neutrality in - Essay Example The aims of financial account have a very major influence on the way institutions operate, on certain rules and regulations of accounting and accounting practices conducted at the corporate level. The two main goals of accounting policy is to firstly focus upon the importance of accounting systems for the private sector and secondly it is to be utilized by the government sector. Different countries place different level of importance on accounting. There are two kinds of users of accounting and accounting systems, these include the macro and the micro level users. The main difference between these users is the intention of using accounting information, this means that macro level users use it for different purposes and micro level users use it for different purposes (MA, 1997, p.198). Those who are referred to as macro level users include government agencies that uses accounting information for the purpose of economic planning and development. Those who are referred to as micro users are the ones who provide the capital and are given utmost importance in society. Body The two different users and the way they use accounting in different manners is quite evident in the role played by accounting in capital markets. For example in areas such as US and Canada, the system of accounting in these nations is micro user level and the broader aim of the accounting policy is to provide financial statements that are unbiased and fair (Flesher, 2010, p.66). When the emphasis is paid to providing fair and truthful accounting information, the organizations within these nations are expected to disclose their financial transactions in a reliable and credible manner. Transaction conducted by the organizations that follow the micro user level accountancy aims at achieving economic substance rather than conforming to rules and regulations set by the country. Nations that follow the macro user level accountancy system do not operate while aim at achieving fairness in providing accou nting details and information. Traditionally the main aim of accounting has been to safeguard the loss of assets that take place in a secretive manner. This aim of accountancy was obtained by reporting less than the actually amount of assets owned and profit made by an organization. At the domestic level capital markets, the aim of accountancy is to achieve optimum level corporate governance. At the domestic level, those nations that follow micro user accounting systems, the main role of accounts and accountants is to provide reliable accounting information in order to evaluate the performance of the management. Management’s performance is measured through several means and the main way proposed is to how well they keep track of the organizations earning, dividends and cash flows. The main aim of the management is to increase the profit of the organization and for this they end up producing biased accounting reports and due to this there is a need to provide, unbiased and neu tral accounting reports to decrease the conflict between the management and the owners of the business (Wolk, 2001, p.217). There have been ample amount of debate surrounding the impact of accounting on a businesses profits and well being, this have increase the possibility that certain methods of accountancy can be utilized to obtained desired aims and objectives. The aims and objectives that can be obtained include increasing competitiveness of

Diversity and Inclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diversity and Inclusion - Essay Example These tests are administered in the student's primary language, with more than one type of test given for each disability tested. (LD Online, 2010) When the disability has been isolated, then the third component provides for an IEP, an Individualized Education Plan. This is an organized approach to providing targeted special education to meet that student's specific needs. It is formulated with a team of professionals, including the parents; they meet annually to discuss process and areas for improvement. The IEP must contain certain parameters: current level of academic achievement, annual and short term goals, frequent evaluation using objective criteria, the list of special education services and environment required, the extent of mainstreaming with explanations for lack of mainstreaming, the date for commencement of services as well as the estimated duration, and an annual progress report updating achievement of goals. (LD Online, 2010) The fourth component states that children should be educated in the least restrictive environment. This means that for the most part, handicapped children should be with their non-handicapped peers unless special circumstances prohibit it. There are program aides provided to many mainstream classes to assist children with special needs to enable them to remain in the classroom with their peers. Occasionally, behavioral issues require a student to be removed to allow for stabilization, followed by a return to the classroom when the student is able. (LD Online, 2010) The fifth component is one of due process with rights for the parents and child with regards to accountability and fairness. It contains the following provisions: 1) confidentiality regarding both the family and... This essay underlines that every person, born with disabilities, has the right to receive an education that will help him master the surrounding environment and allow him to make a contribution to the world at large. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 is the latest comprehensive package which provides not only educational services, but also supportive technology and services to assist children in retaining educational curriculum. In addition to the standard learning disabilities, children with traumatic brain injury, autism and benign mental disorders, and, visual and auditory impairment are now provided services under this legislation. A team of highly qualified professionals partners with the child's parents to monitor progress and assure that quality services are provided for the child. These children are no longer forced to live a life of mediocrity because their needs are met early in life during the cognitive development stage in order to be the most effect ive remedy for prevention of further disability. When a professional suspects a child may have a disability, they must attempt to resolve the issue without involving the special needs team. The parents are also a part of this team. Sometimes just talking with the child and parents provides insight into the situation allowing them to get alternative relief. If at least two alternative approaches for instruction in the regular classroom do not impact the situation, then the child may be referred for a special needs evaluation.

Eating Healthy and Heart Disease (Cause and Effect) Essay

Eating Healthy and Heart Disease (Cause and Effect) - Essay Example Healthy eating and heart diseases are directly related. It is found that eating fats which are low saturated helps in reducing the risk of diseases related to heart. Changing unhealthy eating habits could help those who are already suffering from illness like high level of cholesterol. A balance of all kinds of food which means the right combination of food is necessary to maintain a healthy body. â€Å"Eating more healthy fat and fewer carbohydrates could help people control high blood pressure and raise their good cholesterol, according to a new study† (O’Leary 9). Usually fats are considered bad for the health but they are also essential ingredient in the overall wellbeing of the body. Certain studies reveal that consumption of fats that are healthy is good for maintaining good cholesterol. Reducing the intake of carbohydrates is another way of maintaining good cholesterol in the body. â€Å"The result from 164 people on different diets showed those rich in protein and good fats outperformed high – carbohydrate diets and reduced blood pressure and the risk of heart disease 20 percent. High on the list of good food was nuts, avocados and olive oil† (O’Leary 9).Diet rich in protein is proved beneficial in lowering the risk of diseases related to heart. Fish is rich in protein. Oily fishes like salmon, mackerel and pilchards have omega 3 fatty acids which are helpful in the prevention of heart diseases. Healthy food contains a lower degree of cholesterol. Fresh vegetables and fruits do not contain any cholesterol. High degree of cholesterol is linked with heart diseases. When there is some sort of accumulation in the arteries, the arteries become narrow. Arteries which are narrow could lead to heart attack or even stroke. Fibre is not categorized as a nutrient; still it is one of the essential components required in maintaining a healthy digestive system. Some fibres do help in

Black Diaspora in Literature | Essay

Black Diaspora in Literature | Essay â€Å"Survivors. In their diasporan souls a dream like steel† (Caryl Phillips, Crossing the River). This paper discusses in what senses post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora. The book looks at two main texts, Crossing the River by Caryl Phillips and Praisesong for the Widow by Paule Marshall, using the books The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness by Paul Gilroy and Black Imagination and the Middle Passage, edited by Maria Diedrich as secondary sources. The paper concludes that the diaspora, a key event in black history, is fundamental to many authors in terms of providing a framework on which to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. As Gilroy argues in his book The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness, â€Å"The specificity of the modern political and cultural formation I want to call the Black Atlantic can be defined, on one level, through a desire to transcend both the structures of a nation state and the constraints of ethnicity and national particularity. These desires are relevant to understanding political organising and cultural criticism. They have always sat uneasily alongside the strategic choices forced on black movements and individuals embedded in the national and political cultures and nation-states in America, the Caribbean and Europe† (p.19). Thus, as Gilroy argues, because of the black diaspora, black academics and black writers and artists have travelled and worked within what he terms a trans-national framework that, itself, precludes anything but only a very superficial association of their country of origin. Thus, as Gilroy argues, black post-slavery literature can only be understood in the context of a diaspora, as it is created within the framework that was created by this diaspora. It is, as argues Gilroy, â€Å"a preoccupation with the striking doubleness that results from this unique position – in an expanded West but not completely of it – is a definitive characteristic of the intellectual history of the Black Atlantic† (p.58). Diedrich’s edited volume Black Imagination and the Middle Passage examines the very specific period covering the forced dispossession of the Middle Passage, and analyses the arts (music, literature, dance etc.) that were created, on the transatlantic journey and on the continents in which the slaves were kept, and in the home continent upon their return. The book aims to represent the cultural conscience of the diaspora, as represented not only in the arts but also in myth and history, as a way of analysing what the diaspora meant for this group of people who were forcefully removed from their culture, and then had to live adrift from their culture. Many of the contributions in Diedrich argues, similarly to Gilroy, that the diapsora was a key event in the development of black literature, defining, as it does, a framework for creativity, through analyses of violence, of culture, of trans-national thinking and working. This idea is, again, highlighted in many other literary crit icisms[1]. Caryl Phillips book Crossing the River takes marginalisation and racism as central themes, using his central characters, Martha and Joyce, to explore these issues: Martha is a black woman dealing with racism in North America before and after slavery’s abolition, and Joyce, the white woman who is marginalised following her falling in love with a black man (Martha’s brother, Travis). We see, in the novel, how Martha was sold by her father, Nash, along with her two brothers, Nash and Travis, in to slavery, how Martha is separated from her children, separating her family, as occurred with many other hundreds of thousands of black families, and the novel deals a great deal, from this point on, with memory – her memory of her family, her memory of her loss, her memory of her culture that she has left behind. She grieves not only for these losses, but also for her own loss of dignity, through her placement in to slavery, and for her need to live alone, following aboliti on, no longer physically enslaved, bur emotionally enslaved by her losses and by the fragmented community in which she, and all freed slaves were forced to live. Her story does not end there, and we see the hurt and terrible conditions in which she was forced to live, post-slavery, through Phillips’ descriptions of her surroundings, and the murder of her new partner, Chester. Phillips uses several postmodern techniques to highlight all of the disjointed emotions that Martha feels, such as switching backwards and forwards across time in order to highlight how Martha reacts and feels about events, or the use of many voices in the novel (Martha, Joyce, Nash and others) in order to reiterate the fact that the novel is concerned with many people’s history – indeed, a whole generation’s history, of those people of a certain race who were forced in to slavery, and who, then, were forced in to submission for many years in a racist North American society. The James Hamilton character, the slave trader, is used by Phillips to introduce the ‘dirty’ side of slavery; with his orders for disposal of slaves (i.e., murder of slaves) and his colonial presence. Phillips’ deconstruction of Hamilton’s character, through movements across time, is a way for Phillips to explore history, as he sees it, as a re-definable present, no t an uninterpretable, unchangeable, past. Thus, Phillips’ novel Crossing the River looks at issues of slavery, racism, marginalisation using several main characters, all of whom are intertwined and all of whom are bound together by the main focus of the novel – slavery. Slavery is the theme which binds the book together, allowing Phillips to discuss issues such as cultural transpositions and the ‘diaspora’. Phillips does not, however, simply recount historical accounts of the lives of his main characters, the characters come alive through his particular sort of storytelling, which is argued by many to have an African slant i.e., it has a circular quality that is present in many African cultures in which storytelling is strong. Phillips also leaves as much untold as he tells, whilst giving historical facts surrounding the characters lives, allowing the reader to fill in the gaps and build their own version of the diasporan framework. For example, Nash’s freedom and journey to Liberia as a mis sionary poses many questions for Nash, leaving him, as it does in Africa, but in a foreign land, sometimes feeling more American than African, although as Nash points out, that is ridiculous, he is not American, any more than he is Liberian. This leaves the reader pondering ideas of culture and roots and what effects the diaspora had on the many hundreds of thousands of slaves who were displaced from their homes and forced to work, and then live freely, in a strange country, something which is reinforced, as we have seen by the character of Martha who, as we have seen, feels more for the loss of her daughter to slavery than she does for the loss of her freedom and her displacement. Thus, Phillips succeeds in showing the very human face of slavery, in terms of personal losses, not just the ‘wider’ academic picture of slavery as an exercise in intellectualising the diaspora in terms of its cultural conscience. Paule Marshall’s fiction has been described by Denniston (1995) as â€Å"an imaginative reconstruction of African history and culture, which connects all people of African descent†. Her book Praisesong for the Widow, captures African cultural patterns in contrast with North American materialism, and, as Denniston (1995) argues, through this, Marshall â€Å"reclaims African culture for black diasporan peoples†. As such, this type of fiction is not just African or black – it captures the dynamics of human struggle and so is universal. Many black commentators have denigrated this interpretation of this type of fiction, arguing that these arguments are little more than veiled racism, intended to belittle the worth of the intellectual exercise, i.e., the understanding of African history in terms of the diaspora, by reducing the arguments in these novels to universal arguments about reactions to oppression, not, as they are intended to be, arguments about black responses to the diaspora. Marshall’s novel Praisesong for the Widow also, similarly to Caryl Phillips in his Crossing the River, discusses the role of memory in the lives of the characters in the book, describing how Avey sees her body as nothing more than a repository of memory, in which physical sensations are nothing more than a way of recording emotional feelings; through this realisation, Avey comes to terms with her displacement from her natural society, and comes to accept her heritage. Through Avey’s slow realisation of her body as a respository for memory, Marshall echoes the disconnection of herself from her native culture, and thus from herself as a woman born in the Caribbean but sold to slavery in North America. Marshall uses Avey’s physical discomforts, which are described in graphic detail in the novel, to echo her disconnection from her culture, her heritage, and her subsequent journey to well-being is representative, for Marshall, of her restoration of her sense of cultur al inheritance. In addition to Marshall’s use of Avey’s body as a metaphor for displacement and representations of heritage and disposition, in terms of the slave’s body being enslaved, but their mind being free to wander, to develop, to grow, Avey’s physical journeys also somewhat recreate the journey’s her people took as slaves as a way for Marshall to explore the cultural disinheritance of the African people’s through the African diaspora[2] and the slaves’ reconnection with their heritages following their freedom. Avey’s memories are representative of African slaves memories, therefore – they were the only free part of them under the regime of slavery, and, for some slaves, whose histories were suppressed and sanitised, their only history was the one that their memory provided. As with Martha in Phillips’ novel, memory was, however, often too painful, for example, the memory of her lost daughter, with these ‘personalâ₠¬â„¢ memories being far more painful than memories of lost culture or memories of ‘home’. Avey’s constant opposition to recognising her heritage allows Marshall to explore the difficulties faced by ex-slaves when thinking about returning home, or settling in a foreign land under adverse, racist, circumstances. Avey cannot face the idea of acknowledging her heritage, as she is, as she sees it, happy as she is, without knowledge of what happened to her ancestors. Avey has constructed a life for herself based on an omission of her heritage, as a way of coping with the enormity of what happened to her family, her ancestors; her excessive consumption has blinded her to her heritage. Marshall thus seems to be suggesting, then, that the American way of life, of materialism and of consumerism, has a dulling effect, of smoothing cultural differences, and, indeed, the ‘American’ way is all-pervasive, a base laziness which calls to people’s sloth-like si des, and, through this, infiltrates every society in which it comes in to contact. As we have seen, therefore, the work of Phillips and Marshall both deal with the idea of slavery, of the diaspora, of the marginalisation felt by freed slaves in a foreign country, of ideas of cultural heritage. Both books, both examples of post-slavery literature, therefore, deal specifically with the issue of the diaspora, and what effects this had, and has, on the lives of slaves, and freed slaves, and the descendents of slaves. Phillips is, however, somewhat more concerned with the effect of loss on the lives of freed slaves than Marshall, who embodies his ideas within a character who is somewhat immune, for most of the book, to emotions. In terms, therefore, of the senses in which post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora, as we have seen, for many authors who are concerned with this issue, through their heritage or for whatever other reason, their literature is framed by the idea of the diaspora: this is the central framework from which all other ideas con nected to this hang. The diaspora acts as a backdrop, if you like, against which all other ideas connected to this (for example, heritage, cultural identity etc.) are understood. It is the understanding of all of these other concepts (for example, heritage, cultural identity etc.) which gives thrust to the work of such authors, and through a search for an understanding of these ideas, it is hoped that the diaspora will be understood, can be come to terms with; much as Avey’s illness is characteristic of an emotional need to know of her heritage, the diaspora is, for many authors and black academics, the tool that is used to gain understanding in to black history, both in countries of origin, and in the countries in which slaves were taken, post-slavery. In terms of the senses in which post-slavery literature is structured by the idea of a diaspora, as we have seen, as Gilroy argues, black post-slavery literature can only be understood in the context of a diaspora, as it is created within the framework that was created by this diaspora. It is, as argues Gilroy, â€Å"a preoccupation with the striking doubleness that results from this unique position – in an expanded West but not completely of it – is a definitive characteristic of the intellectual history of the Black Atlantic† (p.58). Thus, for Gilroy, the diaspora is essential, fundamental, to an understanding of black history. As we have seen, Diedrich’s edited volume Black Imagination and the Middle Passage concludes, similarly to Gilroy, that the diaspora was a key event in the development of black literature, defining, as it does, a framework for creativity, through analyses of violence, of culture, of trans-national thinking and working. Thus, the diaspora, a key event in black history, is fundamental to many authors in terms of providing a framework on which to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. As we have seen in this paper, these issues provide literary fuel for many authors, and critics, and two of the most representative novels in terms of these issues, Crossing the River by Caryl Phillips and Praisesong for the Widow by Paule Marshall, have been analysed and used to illustrate how black authors use the diaspora in this way, i.e., to discuss issues of importance to the black community, for example, history, memory, cultural identity, cultural heritage, heritage. For many authors, writing about these issues is a way of dealing with these issues for themselves personally and, as such, such books provide solace for many blacks who live with the diaspora, and its effects, as part of their history. References Denniston, D.H., 1995. The fiction of Paule Marshall: reconstructions of history, culture and gender. University of Tennessee Press. Diedrich, M. (ed.)., 1999. Black Imagination and the Middle Passage. Oxford University Press. Gilroy, P., 1993. The Black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness. Verso Books. Marshall, P., 1983. Praisesong for the Widow. Putnam Press. Phillips, C., 2006. Crossing the River. Penguin Paperbacks. Rogers, S., 2000. Embodying cultural memory in Paule Marshall’s Praisesong for the Widow. African American Review Spring 2000. Footnotes [1] See, for example, Writings on Black Women of the Diaspora: History, Language and Identity, by Bracks; The African Imagination: Literature in African and the Black Diaspora by F.Abiola Irele, and Brent Hayes Edwards’ The Practice of Diaspora: Literature, Translation and the Rise of Black Internationalism. [2] See Rogers (2000) for further exploration of this concept.

Autism Spectrum Disorders Essay -- Diseases,Disorders

Abstract— This paper discusses the potential of using technologies in the diagnosis, study and intervention treatments of autism. The first part of paper introduces background information on autism spectrum disorder. The second part deals with review of literature survey. The third part summarizes our proposed research work on the connected topic. The fourth part concludes our work as whole. Keywords— autism, discrete trail training, applied behaviour analysis, voice output communication aids I. INTRODUCTION The present paper addresses various innovative assistive technology used in diagnosis and treatment of pervasive developmental disorders such as autism. Autism is a developmental disability that is usually noticeable the present paper addresses various innovative assistive technology used in diagnosis and treatment of pervasive developmental disorders such as autism. Autism is a developmental disability that is usually noticeable in the early stages of life preferably in the age groups of one to three years. The common impairments found in the autistic communities are social interactions, communication, controlled interests and recurring behavior etc. The cause for autism is still mysterious. Scientists are working to find out various factors that cause autism. Some of them believe that the changes in environment and genetics might be the key cause. Till now there are no suitable medicines or treatments to cure autism, but using appropriate therapies such as applied and verbal behavioral analysis the impairments of autistic children could be eliminated or reduced to an extent. II. RELATED WORK In this subsection, a list of related works will be briefly described. Gregory D. Abowd, Julie A. Kientz[1] working at G... ...Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Herts AL10 9AB, UNITED KINGDOM, [Online] Available : http://homepages.feis.herts.ac.uk/~comqkd/ [8] Ben Robins, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Paul Dickerson, (2009), Proc The second international conferences on Advances in Computer Human Interactions, Cancun, Mexico [9] Megan Davis, Nuno Otero, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, and Stuart D. Powell, (2007), Creating a software to promote understanding about narrative in children with autism: reflecting on the design of feedback and opportunities to reason, University of Hertfordshire, Adaptive Systems Research Group, School of Computer Science, School of Education, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK [10] William Farr Nicola Yuill, Hayes Raffle, (2009), Collaborative Benefits of a Tangible Interface for Autistic Children, ACM 978-1-60558-246-7/08/04, Boston, MA, USA.

Chapter1 exercise for managerial decision modeling Essay

Multiple Choice Questions: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is most likely a population as opposed to a sample? a) respondents to a newspaper survey. b) the first 5 students completing an assignment. c) every third person to arrive at the bank. d) registered voters in a county. D 2. Which of the following is most likely a parameter as opposed to a statistic? a) The average score of the first five students completing an assignment. b) The proportion of females registered to vote in a county. c) The average height of people randomly selected from a database. d) The proportion of trucks stopped yesterday that were cited for bad brakes. D 3. To monitor campus security, the campus police office is taking a survey of the number of students in a parking lot each 30 minutes of a 24-hour period with the goal of determining when patrols of the lot would serve the most students. If X is the number of students in the lot each period of time, then X is an example of a) a categorical random variable. b) a discrete random variable. c) a continuous random variable. d) a statistic. B 4. Researchers are concerned that the weight of the average American school child is increasing implying, among other things, that children’s clothing should be manufactured and marketed in larger sizes. If X is the weight of school children sampled in a nationwide study, then X is an example of a) a categorical random variable. b) a discrete random variable. c) a continuous random variable. d) a parameter. C 5. The classification of student major (accounting, economics, management, marketing, other) is an example of a) a categorical random variable. b) a discrete random variable. c) a continuous random variable. d) a parameter. A 6. You have collected data on the approximate retail price (in $) and the energy cost per year (in $) of 15 refrigerators. Which of the following is the best for presenting the data? a) A bar chart b) A scatter plot c) A histogram d) A time series plot A 7. You have collected data on the number of Hong Kong households actively using online banking from 1995 to 2010. Which of the following is the best for presenting the data? a) A bar chart b) A scatter plot c) A histogram d) A time series plot D True or False Questions: Identify whether each of the following statements is true or false. 1. When constructing a frequency distribution, classes should be selected so that they are of equal width. T 2. A histogram can have gaps between the bars, whereas bar charts cannot have gaps. F 3. Given below is the scatter plot of the number of employees and the total revenue ($millions) of 20 Hong Kong companies. There appears to be a positive relationship between total revenue and the number of employees.T // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=†Ã¢â‚¬ ,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "studymoose.com"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

Antwone Fisher essays

Antwone Fisher essays The movie we are going to do our report is on Atwone fisher. This movie is a true story about a guy named Atwone fisher. In this report what I am going to write about is 5 different categories about the movie, which are: Courage, Forgiveness, Relationship, Redemption, and abuse. The First one that I am going to start one is Courage. In this movie Antwone Fisher is a boy that has lots of courage. The reason is because this boy had allot to face as a child. Some are that he never knew his family, he got raped by an older woman. Also he got abused by his guardian allot. This takes allot of courage for a child because at the end he came out a good guy. He did not take any negative things with him that happened to him. And in this part he forgives those that did wrong to him. This is a very thought thing because in this movie he was very abused and was hard to live knowing that he does not know her mom. He had to live without a mom, and live with a person that was very abusive. The relationship that took part in this movie was with his friend. Every time he was in trouble, or had been in trouble, he would run to his friend. An example is when he got raped, he escaped and ran to his friends house and his friend accepted him in and also clothes him with his clothes. Another relationship that he has is with his psychiatrist. He was a very close friend to him because he taught him the way, and because Antwone showed him how to be a better psychiatrist. The Reason is because before the psychiatrist met Antwone he was a very lousy psychiatrist, but Antwone taught him how by telling him that he needed more help. Antwone Fisher redeemed himself fro her guardian and the girl. The both treated him badly. When he left and came back again to find his family, he told the people he didnt want to talk to them. He only wanted to find out information about his parents, and also told them that he never liked them and that he hated them, and...

The Comparison and Analysis of Sequences

The Comparison and Analysis of Sequences The two sequences taken from Zhang Yimou’s movies Red Sorghum (1987) and The Road Home (1999) can be discussed as the illustrations of the director’s approach to using the theme of exchanging glances in order to emphasize the definite relations between the characters. Thus, to demonstrate the relations between the woman and the workers and between the young man and the young woman falling in love, Zhang Yimou uses similar and different techniques. The main feature which connects both the sequences is the theme of reflecting feelings through exchanging glances, but to pay attention to the sequences’ other similarities and differences, it is necessary to focus on such formal elements as the mise-en-scene, shot number, image size, camera movement, editing, and sound. The nature of relationships between the characters and the style of mise-en-scenes are rather different, but the fact of the relations’ existence is accentuated with references to definite techni ques and the theme of exchanging glances.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Comparison and Analysis of Sequences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zhang Yimou uses the same technique in his two movies because of its effectiveness to provide the definite message to the audience. The helpfulness of manipulating the theme of the glance exchange depends on the successful mise-en-scenes. A mise-en-scene is a complex picture which includes composition, sets, actors, and lighting in their combination to present the definite author’s idea. The mise-en-scenes in Red Sorghum and The Road Home are similar in relation to some specific features. Thus, the mise-en-scenes in two sequences are based on the characters’ looking at each other when one character stays rather motionless, and the other character goes forth turning around to look at the other person several times. Moreover, the faces of the main characters are in the focus, and they are often centered, depicting from a short distance to emphasize the glance. There are presentations of the women who come forth turning back to the audience in Red Sorghum and The Road Home as rather long shots before the final shots of the sequences. The composition of the mise-en-scenes is also similar because there are groups of people presented in the scene, but they are not in the focus in comparison to the main characters. The women in both sequences are presented alone when the male characters belong to the certain group of people depicted in the scene. However, mise-en-scenes are different in using the lighting and colors. Thus, the sequence from Red Sorghum is started in red in black colors to reflect the tension of the characters’ feelings in the mise-en-scene when the sequence from The Road Home is in vivid and sunny colors to emphasize the positive feelings of the characters. The atmosphere of the scene and the feelings of the character s are also represented with the help of the shot number. The negative tension of the scene from Red Sorghum is presented through ten shots which are different in their length and image size. Long shots help feel the characters’ tension and worry. Shots in The Road Home are also different in length, but this difference is intentional and the quick shift of the shots helps reflect the romantic anxiety of the characters. Thus, the shot number of the sequence from The Road Home is about fifteen shots.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The shot number in two sequences is different, but the approach to the image size is similar. The audience concentrates on the characters’ exchange of glances and the nature of this exchange with references to presenting the characters’ close-ups. Close-ups in both sequences are short in length, but they are vivid. The audie nce has the opportunity to guess about the characters’ feelings with the help of interpreting the emotions on their faces. Close-ups in The Road Home present the smiling faces of the characters who have interest to each other when close-ups in Red Sorghum present the tense face of the man and the inducing face of the woman (â€Å"The Road Home†; â€Å"Red Sorghum†). These close-ups are effective to observe the difference in relations of the two pairs discussed. It is also possible to focus on the speed of the characters’ movements in shots. The number of shots in The Road Home sequence is correlated with the tempo of the characters’ movements, and the number of shots in the sequence from Red Sorghum is smaller as well as the speed of the characters’ motions is slower. Furthermore, there are some differences in using short and long shots. Thus, long shots taken from a large distance are characteristic for the sequence in The Road Home. As it was stated earlier, the director draws the audience’s attention to the women’s turning round while they are going forth to exchange the glances one more time. Thus, the camera follows the women’s movement in both sequences. However, the variation of the camera movement is more characteristic for the sequence from The Road Home when the camera does not only horizontal movements to follow the character but also vertical movements to emphasize the scene of giving the basket. Therefore, the particular features of editing in both sequences depend on the shot number and their length. The director uses the combination of long shots in Red Sorghum where editing is used to determine one man among the group of the other men and accentuate the woman’s intention to exchange the glances with this man. Editing in The Road Home is based on the combination of diverse short and long shots as well as shots presented from distance and close-ups in the complex picture. It i s also important to pay attention to the specifics of editing when main characters from the sequence in The Road Home exchange glances while passing near each other. The shift of shots is quick and it helps to see the picture from both perspectives. The combination of the sound and image is one more effective technique to represent the characters’ feelings and the nature of relations between them. The sounds associated with the sequences in Red Sorghum and The Road Home are extremely different.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Comparison and Analysis of Sequences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The sequence in Red Sorghum is accompanied by the natural sounds and noises reflecting the surroundings of the mise-en-scene, and rare shouts of the man are heard to stress on the pressure and tension represented in the scene. The mise-en-scene from The Road Home is accompanied by light sounds of the romantic music to reflect the mood of the characters. Thus, the sound is connected with the images according to the scene’s atmosphere and main message. The sequences from Red Sorghum and The Road Home represent the action of exchanging glances between the main characters of the movies. However, the nature of relations between these persons is different as well as the techniques used by the director to stress on this difference. Red Sorghum. 1987. Video file. 18 March 2013. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0093206/. The Road Home. 1999. Video file. 18 March 2013. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0235060/.

Significance Of Animals Protection In Modern World Essay - 15

Significance Of Animals Protection In Modern World - Essay Example Every day in a great number of countries in the world, animals are exposed to experiments in various researches and testing of different kinds of products, which range from medicine and cosmetics to children toys and cleaning products. During such researches and tests, animals are poisoned by toxic substances, burned, implanted electrodes, blinded etc. In fact, the list of invasive and painful procedures goes on. As a result, animals experience severe suffering, for example, electric shock, isolation from other animals, separation of infants from adult animals, withholding of water and food and so on, which usually ends with death. Animals do not deserve such an inhuman attitude, which is often based on the idea that human beings are more intelligent than animals are. However, this argument is not relevant to the issue at all: smart people suffer from pain the same way people with lower IQ do. It is a well-known fact that animals experience pain as well, and the fact that a mouse doe s not understand physical laws or does not read poetry cannot be perceived as a basis for making it suffer. What is more, a wide range of animals with advanced nervous systems demonstrate abilities characteristic of human beings, for example, experiencing emotions (Panksepp 14). Therefore, the argument against animal rights based on the difference between human beings and animals may be regarded as inconsistent. In addition to this, animal testing, which leads to animal suffering, is avoidable today. The matter is that the evolutionary developments in the scientific sphere give an opportunity to avoid using animals for testing and experiments. In particular, in accordance with Ganganatha and Kuppast, who published their work in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, today there are alternatives to animal testing methods, which are based on three R’s that is Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement.

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Psychology - Essay Example The people of age range from 25 to 55 years will be the units of analysis for the present study. The questionnaires should be delivered to the respondents through mail and e-mail, along with instruction page for filling the questionnaire. The research instrument will comprise of six questions, and the respondents would be requested to return the same after replying to all the questions. After the gathering of data, it would be compiled in tabular form in order to interpret the results and compile the findings, on the basis of which the suggestions would be made. Introduction Myths and misconceptions maintain imperative significance in the discipline of psychology. It has aptly been observed that people just believe in a statement provided it has been supported with the so called notion. Similarly, since majority of the individuals sticks to traditions, customs and conventions, they view it hard to refute the theory has been in vogue for the last many years. Consequently, the same not ion is accepted to be true without making any investigation of the source from where it has been extracted or cited. For instance, Freud’s Oedipus complex theory, presented in the background of Sophocles’ play Oedipus the King, has been taken as a reality that the children have sexual attraction towards the parent of his/her opposite gender. Somehow, Kohut believes that the story’s most significant genetic feature is that Oedipus was a rejected child and a replacement is needed for the Oedipus myth. (Leaming et al., 2009) Moreover, it is a universally accepted perception that women appear to be more emotional and sentimental than men, and always prefer their feelings to intellect while making decisions in life. However, the experiences of real life counteract the very myth by nullifying it through researches, which state that observing of intellect or feelings has no strong association with the gender of the observer. Similarly, it is an extensively established myth, in the light of the theory articulated by 20th century American psychologist William James, that an overwhelming proportion of the individuals use up to 10% of his brain power throughout his life. Thus, 90% of the brain power remains unconsumed altogether. Somehow, no scientific research method or tool is available to endorse the same notion on humans. Consequently, myth has obtained the status of a proved theory, which is vehemently believed by the people without discrimination. Similarly, the people see eye to eye with the myth that expressing one’s anger through words is extremely supportive in mitigating the annoyance and thus turn the person cool and calm subsequently. It is therefore the therapists and counselors used to suggest the use of some object to be kicked and battered for releasing one’s anger. As Psychology Today (1983) asked, "If you could secretly push a button and thereby eliminate any person with no repercussions to yourself, would you press t hat button?" 69% of responding males said yes, 56% of women. However, in real life, people seldom take killing the other into serious consideration, and their anger calm down within moments or minutes. It is therefore the same myth has been counteracted with the latest theory that anger is sure to perish

NPS Deploying network policy server Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

NPS Deploying network policy server - Essay Example Each and every employee in the organization who participates in project implementation has the responsibility do so. Because of the reason above, the best way in ensuring data security in for one central park and at the same time being economical to the company is by investing it the team’s technology. Technology is very dynamic and new things come every other time. When a principle instructs the vendor to direct or educate the employees on information system security the concerned employees feel that their contribution to the company is valued. The information security system that is supposed to be implemented in a bank must take in consideration the four major principles of information security. These are information confidentiality, integrity, authenticity and availability. Information confidentiality is whereby the information of a company is protected from getting into the hands of people who are not authorized. Integrity is a security factor that stops undetected modific ation of data for example the issue of students examination result cannot be modified or edited by unauthorized person because it is only the examination coordinator that have the right of doing editing it. The integrity is breached when anybody who is not an exam coordinator make an amendments. Authenticity means that particular information that is used for a certain purpose is genuine. The validity of individual that get access to some data is ensured by using authentication methods for example he use of password. The security of information that goes via internet is aided by ensuring that the channel that it goes through is the right one (Mueller, 2011). This is by use of IP address that is assigned to each computer. Availability means that the information is accessible anytime the users want. The paper gives details on implementing Network Policy Server in one central park. Security vulnerability Servers are network-based. This exposes all the data it contains to network attacks . A network attacker can use the exposures in the protocols that are ranked high and stronger applications to cultivate the disadvantage that are not checked by the firewalls that are of previous version. The access may prove dangerous as the client data would be reviewed during the transfer to a third party and it would be difficult to track as the activity is a part of the process created for a particular server and hence the severity of this activity is high. Considering the fact that only the users that are involved into this activity will have access to the transferred data, the likelihood of any intrusion is moderate. Database server that stores employee information uses student’s identification details as the only form of security. A password cracker that can overcome the technology used in designing the password can get access to the employee information. More so, database administrator’s password can be cracked and modification. Company’s information fo r example policies can create a mess in the institution. Super user privileges grant a great amount of power to any party who has access to the super user account. If an aggressive party is able to access a super user account on the database server they will be able to copy. The wireless access point devices are vulnerable to physical damages for example fire or theft. This will lead to denial of services in the entire department that

Imperialism and 1st World War Essay Example for Free

Imperialism and 1st World War Essay The portrayal of the artists is indeed a true picture of the horrors of World War I which cannot be envisioned by just reading accounts of the war as given in different readings. The paintings reveal the disgusting events that will surely put the shivers into the generation of today in realizing the atrocities and soul stirring hardships that were experienced by all those who were part of the war. While the monarchy of the combating countries relaxed and simply gave orders it were the soldiers representing the states that bore the brunt of the chilling circumstances. Soldiers were silent observers in seeing their colleagues butchered in helplessness while they themselves were lucky to come back alive into their trenches unaware of what the next day had in store for them. The medical corps and nurses were always on the alert to receive the dead and grievously wounded soldiers while those who were captured had to submit to the inhuman tortures at the hands of their captors. Several soldiers were maimed in leading a life of revulsion, helpless in leading a life of misery. The onslaught of gas attacks made several soldiers to die in agony while many suffered psychologically in being unable to lead normal lives. The fear of gas attacks was so severe that soldiers had to always move with gas masks in specified territories. There was always a sinister plan underway and it became difficult for the combatants to judge about who friends are and whom to understand as enemies. There was always an ongoing process to build tunnels and infrastructure to face the challenges of enemy attacks in a war that never seemed to end. All who were physically fit could be expected to be called for war duties with little hope of returning alive. The war was extensively destructive as nothing was spared and all means were used to inflict the maximum damages irrespective of the intensity of suffering and loss to life. Human life appeared to have no value nor did the sufferings of the masses for the leaders who gave orders to fight with the sole objective of winning the war. The focus was on winning over the adversaries by whatever means that was possible in using weapons and other means that inflicted maximum loss and suffering. References Discussion, Imperialism and 1st World War, http://dl. bergen. edu/webct/entryPageIns. dowebct

Reflective practice is an integral part of developing skills to improve

Reflective practice is an integral part of developing skills to improve Reflective writing is as a medium for an individuals reflective capacity to be communicated and examined both internally and externally. Self directed learning is emphasised through reflective writing as students engage in a more holistic approach which uncovers the reasons behind their actions. Experience and learning Moon (2004) emphasised that an individual can both reflect in order to learn or learn as a result of reflecting. Through experiencing new situations medical students are able to learn and develop new skills but the level of learning depends on the depth of reflecting of the experience. This is often why reflection is described as learning through experience. Reflection of an experience is associated with deep learning where the student is able to gain more insight into the decisions behind the actions involved. (Marton,Hounsell, Entwistle 1984) By learning through experience students are able to build on previous knowledge which covers a solid knowledge base that can be applied to changing situations and which experiences can be drawn from. Learning does not stop at reflection but involves the changing in decision making processes and actions that reflection should bring about in future situations. What is learnt from reflection must be put into practice for it to be effective. Kolb (1984) proposed that Learning does not result from having an experience but occurs when an experience is examined, reviewed and reflected upon. This process allows a connection to form between theory and actions where an experience involves preparation, action, reflection and connection back to previous knowledge. Refection involves lifelong learning as the changing nature of medicine and ethical concerns continues to challenge practitioners. Emotions and Reflection William (2002) said Actions are so much more powerful if they arise from both feelings and thoughts. Reflection involves the process of understanding and examining emotions and how they affected a situation. Emotions are an integral part of any experience and it is through reflective practice that the impact emotions has on a situation comes to light. Practitioners have to deal with many different situations that can cause psychological and emotional strain. Reflective writing allows emotions to be dealt with and not compressed. Through expressing personal feelings practitioners are able to be more focused and self-aware which can increase their capacity to feel empathy for patients situations. Empathy makes patients feel more understood and heard and through reflective writing the promotion of understanding of patients situations and vulnerabilities can be achieved. (Squier 1998) Negative feelings can hinder performance through self doubt and lack of confidence but through reflecting on negative experiences these emotions can be used to improve performance and encourage self directed learning. (Olckers, Gibbs, Duncan 2007) Reflective writing allows students to use emotion in their writing which assist in overcoming psychological and emotional barriers which they may face and provides an opportunity to examine potential moral consequences of an action. Reflective writing allows students to deal with their emotions instead of suppressing them and allows the development of strategies to deal and express emotions in different settings. This promotes a sense of practitioner wellbeing where the mental, emotional and spiritual health of practitioners is looked after. Through reflecting on emotions a connection between the medical profession will the rest of society is built where there is less risk of practitioners becoming detached and intolerant. Reflection and learning in the Professions Reflection in the medical practice can be viewed from three directions; reflection-on action, reflection-in action and reflection-for action. (Killion, Todnem ,1991) Donald Schon (1983) developed theory of reflective professional practice by developing reflective- in and reflective-on action. Reflection- in action involves connecting past experience, feelings and knowledge to a current situation. This process allows new insight and understanding to be established in relation to the situation which will influence the decisions made by the medical practitioner as the situation develops. This type of reflection is particularly important to medical practitioners who face complex and new situations regularly and who need to make fast accurate decisions and actions. (Schon 1983) Reflection-on action involves reflecting on a situation that has occurred and analysing decisions made to determine weaknesses or possible improvements that could be implemented in future practice. This form of reflection is often only undertaken when something goes badly or not to plan but it is essential for reflection to take place after experiences that went well to fully reflect on an individuals strengths and weaknesses. There is also pr-action reflection which describes a form of reflection before an action is taken. This form of reflection aims to prepare professionals to be able to deal with situations where there may be no time to reflect in action so it becomes important to reflect prior to action. (Mann, Gordon and MacLeod, 2009)Reflection prior to action is often done unconsciously where future possible actions are accessed and evaluated and goals are set. In medicine if prior knowledge of patients condition is known research through literature, past case studies and communication with other health professions can result so that possible conditions which may be present can be dealt with. Reflection for action can be used to view the situation from a variety of perspective not just from ones self. It can include perspectives of the patient, other health professional and text based knowledge. This form of reflection can reduce mistakes and prepare practitioners for possible unforeseen circumstan ces. (Keith Ong 2011) Reflection and Personal Development Reflective practice is a key skill for medical students to develop and continue to use throughout their medical careers. Reflective practice assists medical students and practitioners to refine their ability and continually challenge their own decisions making process. The goal of reflection according to Epstein, should be to develop not only ones knowledge and skills, but also habits of mind that allow for informed flexibility, ongoing learning and humility, (full text1 19) Personal and professional development is an integral part of the medical profession. This development is cultivated by reflective practice which allows self-assessment and professional identity to be uncovered. Professional identity is established through reflective writing as a medium for practitioners to express their own voice and perspective, and clarify and refine personal values which may be competing or conflicting to others. (Shapiro 2006) Through becoming more self-aware reflective practice allows practitioners to become more engaged and aware during clinical encounters and improve clinical reasoning. This is why reflection has close links to safe practice as critical though has been put into decisions allowing care to be solely patient based. (Bansman 95). Critical examination of decisions allows problem solving skills to enhance which contributes to more effective treatment of patients. Reflection assists in guiding present and future decisions and actions in a competent and knowledgeable way through allowing new experiences to draw on pervious situations to increase understanding of patients and to extend empathy towards them. (Wald 2010) Reflective writing improves clinicians stores of empathy, reflection, and courage Writing that affects the reader is art (Charon 2004) Reflective practice is shown to have many benefits for practitioners not only through clinical skill improvements but assisting in developing the whole person by developing interpersonal skills. Practitioners improve skills of empathy as they are more aware of their patients and their own emotions and how those emotions may effect the consultation or decision made by the patient. Reflective practice allows a connection to form between technical and knowledge based facets and emotional aspects. It aims to develop personal skills which will enhance and guide technical learning and performance in a clinical setting. Through assessing the bigger picture though reflective practice students are able to deal with more complex and unforseen issues. The process of reflection Reflection may be difficult to teach (Stimson 2009, Roberst 2009) although reflective frameworks can assist in engaging individuals with reflective practices and developing skills for future internal reflection. Reflection in a practical setting needs to be continuous for the knowledge uncovered during reflection to be translated into action. Gibbs (1988) created the Five stages of reflection model which can be used as a guide for reflective writing. This model represents the cycle that reflective practice is a part of. The five steps of this model include describe, reflect, research and analyse, decide, act and evaluate. Brookfield (1987) approach to reflection involves using the view points of a number of different perspectives know as the four lenses. It involves researching, analysing and connecting through critical reflection. Conclusion Reflective practice is an important attribute for undergraduate medical students as it increases self-awareness, refines problem making skills and prepares students to deal with complex, unpredictable situations. Through reflection students are able to refine their clinical skills by recognising their strengths and weaknesses which develops personal competence and identity. Although reflection takes time and effort the long term benefits create a more competent and compassionate practitioner